Journal Publications

Impact of Climate Variability on Agricultural Productivity and Food Securityin Banke, Nepal: Insights from 1990-2020

Nepal’s climate diversity presents complex challenges for its agrarian communities, particularly in regions like Banke where agriculture is highly sensitive to climatic shifts. This study analyzed the period 1990–2020 in Janaki Rural Municipality and found a minor but steady rise in temperature (0.0946°C/year), a significant increase in sunshine hours (15.15 hours/year), and a modest rise in annual rainfall (1.94 mm/year). Statistical analysis showed that sunshine hours were significantly correlated with crop yields (r = 0.417, p = 0.017), while temperature and rainfall were not. Despite adequate overall food production, the district suffers from high dependence on monoculture, rainfed irrigation (93.3%), and limited institutional support. Year-round irrigation markedly improved productivity (7868.63 kg/ha vs. 5450.43 kg/ha). These findings underscore the urgent need for integrated, climate-resilient agricultural strategies to ensure long-term food security in Nepal’s lowland regions....